WV-1 · House

The district, in brief

West Virginia's 1st district includes Charleston and Huntington, as well as the smaller cities of Beckley, Bluefield, Lewisburg, Princeton and White Sulphur Springs. It is on the map first used in 2022 and is not redrawn for 2026. The facts give a 2024 presidential baseline on the current lines of -45.2 for the Democrat and record Carol Miller winning by a two-party margin of -43.47 for the Democrat in 2024 and -39.68 in 2022.

The incumbent is Republican Carol Miller, re-elected with 66.4% in 2024. She is the Republican nominee; Larry Jackson, a businessman, was eliminated in the primary, and four other Republicans were disqualified, among them Derrick Evans, a former delegate and pardoned January 6th rioter who had raised $1,215,522 as of April 22, 2026. The Democratic nominee is Vince George, who won the primary with 53.0% (23,503 votes) over Brit Aguirre at 47.0%; the text gives no background for him. Belinda Fox-Spencer, a businesswoman and pro-life activist, is the Constitution Party nominee. As of June 30, 2026, Miller had raised $1,746,898 with $604,379 on hand; George had raised $258,330 and spent $0; Fox-Spencer reported $0.

Every rater listed calls the seat R: Decision Desk HQ (July 14, 2026), the Cook Political Report (February 6, 2025), Inside Elections (March 7, 2025) and Sabato's Crystal Ball (April 10, 2025).

A paragraph quoting a model forecast from the day this brief was written is omitted; the current forecast is at the top of this page.

The facts, each beside its sentence

Not in the source: The text gives no background or description for Vince George; the Democratic primary heading is garbled.; The Republican primary result block is garbled and gives no figures.; The text's district description is truncated at the start (the infobox line runs into it), so the full list of counties is not given.; The text gives no presidential results for the district; the only presidential figure is the facts' 2024 two-party baseline.; No general-election polls appear in the text, consistent with the model's basis.; Endorsement sections are empty.

Read from the district's section of Wikipedia's state page (CC BY-SA), archived as 2080d0c50f3a; written by claude-fable-5-1 (batch reader) on 2026-09-30 and checked mechanically: every quote occurs verbatim in the archived text, every number in the brief occurs in the inputs. No probability here is the reader's.

Who holds the seat now

Carol D. Miller (Republican), in this chamber since 2019, 4 terms. Committees: House Committee on Ways and Means.

From the congress-legislators dataset (CC0), archived as ae8cb9477c48. For a Senate race this lists both of the state's senators; the one whose term ends in the election year holds the seat on the ballot. For a House district redrawn for 2026 it is the member elected under the old lines with this number, who may be running elsewhere; the dossier above names who is running here.

How it has voted for president

A shift of 0.2 points toward the Democrats from 2016 to 2024. county returns placed on the current lines by 2020 block population; MEDSL county file (2016), an MIT-licensed county file (2020, checked against certified state results) and MEDSL precinct returns (2024). For a district split across counties this is an estimate, and where the state published the exact 2024 figure for these lines, that exact figure is the one the model uses.

Who are the voters?

Of about 639,661 adults 25 and over. In 2020 the district voted 29.2% Democratic (two-party) for president. With the same preferences and a 2022-style midterm turnout, it would vote 29.5% Democratic: the midterm electorate alone moves the margin 0.5 points toward Democrats. Group shares are estimated from how results vary across the state's census tracts (ecological inference, anchored to Pew's 2020 validated-voter figures) and calibrated to this district's actual 2020 vote; turnout is the Census survey's state rate by race and national rate by education, whose state samples carry margins of several points.

Not answered here: how each group will vote in 2026. These are 2020 preferences; this profile is description, not yet an input to the forecast.

The money

FEC bulk candidate summaries through June 30, 2026; $27,864 of independent expenditures for or against these candidates this cycle (FEC Schedule E, types 24E and 24A), which is the parties' and outside groups' own revealed view of whether this seat is in play.

The district in numbers

ACS 5-year 2023, the Census Bureau's own tabulation of this district (118th Congress lines). Unemployment is the BLS county series placed on the district by block population, not seasonally adjusted, so changes are same-month comparisons. Income, transfers and jobs are BEA county accounts placed the same way, compared with the average district. Every other figure is a named column of a named table in the Bureau's summary file, archived before it was read. This is what a reader knows about a district before looking at a poll; the model does not yet use it, and whether it should is a registered question.

Who is favoured, and by how much?

The 90% interval runs from -48.2 to -20.0 points, D-R. It is wide because this district has never been polled.

What is this built on?

A model trained on every contested House race 2012-2024 predicts this district's lean from its own record: presidential and House results on the current lines, incumbency, both candidates' prior offices, outside and party money before 1 October, demographics and public-assistance shares from the Census release before the election, local unemployment and income, and religious tradition. The national margin comes from presidential approval, the economy, the midterm penalty and the generic ballot corrected for its measured lean. Draws share national and state errors, so the seat total and this district come from the same simulation.

Not answered here: district polls, which are not yet folded in.

Why does the model say this?

Each figure is how far this district's predicted lean moves when that one feature is set to the typical value across 2026 districts, everything else held: 2024 presidential lean (R+43.7): 20.5 pts toward the Republican; 2024 House lean (R+40.8): 6.6 pts toward the Republican; federal civilian jobs share (2.2%): 0.9 pts toward the Democrat; social security share income (10.0%): 0.8 pts toward the Democrat; PAC money balance: 0.7 pts toward the Republican.

How sure is it, and of what?

Total sd 8.55 points, made of the seat's own volatility 89%, correlated polling error 11%. The decomposition is stored with the forecast rather than reconstructed, so a probability whose dominant input is a placeholder is visibly that.

Not answered here: a nowcast. 'If ballots were cast today' needs something that observes today, and for a House district nothing does. Publishing the election-day figure under both labels would make one forecast look like two.

How was this number made?

Run 00a09d4b-7980-4ec5-ada0-077968a87242, house_district_prior/0.2.0, as of 2026-10-02. Promoted by a pre-registered gate: on 2016-2022 its Brier score was 0.036 against 0.049 for the previous method, and on a single 2024 run 0.023 against 0.032 (experiments/district_gate_result.md, with an independent review).